Kisah Para Rasul 2:23-24

2:23 this man, who was handed over by the predetermined plan and foreknowledge of God, you executed ¹  by nailing him to a cross at the hands of Gentiles. ²  2:24 But God raised him up, ³  having released ⁴  him from the pains ⁵  of death, because it was not possible for him to be held in its power. ⁶ 

Kisah Para Rasul 5:30

5:30 The God of our forefathers ⁷  raised up Jesus, whom you seized and killed by hanging him on a tree. ⁸ 

Kisah Para Rasul 13:27-28

13:27 For the people who live in Jerusalem and their rulers did not recognize ⁹  him, ¹⁰  and they fulfilled the sayings ¹¹  of the prophets that are read every Sabbath by condemning ¹²  him. ¹³  13:28 Though ¹⁴  they found ¹⁵  no basis ¹⁶  for a death sentence, ¹⁷  they asked Pilate to have him executed.

[2:23]  ¹ tn Or “you killed.”

[2:23]  ² tn Grk “at the hands of lawless men.” At this point the term ἄνομος (anomo") refers to non-Jews who live outside the Jewish (Mosaic) law, rather than people who broke any or all laws including secular laws. Specifically it is a reference to the Roman soldiers who carried out Jesus’ crucifixion.

[2:24]  ³ tn Grk “Whom God raised up.”

[2:24]  ⁴ tn Or “having freed.”

[2:24]  ⁵ sn The term translated pains is frequently used to describe pains associated with giving birth (see Rev 12:2). So there is irony here in the mixed metaphor.

[2:24]  ⁶ tn Or “for him to be held by it” (in either case, “it” refers to death’s power).

[5:30]  ⁷ tn Or “ancestors”; Grk “fathers.”

[5:30]  ⁸ tn Or “by crucifying him” (“hang on a tree” is by the time of the first century an idiom for crucifixion). The allusion is to the judgment against Jesus as a rebellious figure, appealing to the language of Deut 21:23. The Jewish leadership has badly “misjudged” Jesus.

[13:27]  ⁹ tn BDAG 12-13 s.v. ἀγνοέω 1.b gives “not to know w. acc. of pers.” as the meaning here, but “recognize” is a better translation in this context because recognition of the true identity of the one they condemned is the issue. See Acts 2:22-24; 4:26-28.

[13:27]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “this one.”

[13:27]  ¹¹ tn Usually φωνή (fwnh) means “voice,” but BDAG 1071-72 s.v. φωνή 2.c has “Also of sayings in scripture…Ac 13:27.”

[13:27]  sn They fulfilled the sayings. The people in Jerusalem and the Jewish rulers should have known better, because they had the story read to them weekly in the synagogue.

[13:27]  ¹² tn The participle κρίναντες (krinante") is instrumental here.

[13:27]  ¹³ tn The word “him” is not in the Greek text but is implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, but must be supplied for the modern English reader.

[13:28]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “And though.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

[13:28]  ¹⁵ tn The participle εὑρόντες (Jeuronte") has been translated as a concessive adverbial participle.

[13:28]  ¹⁶ sn No basis. Luke insists on Jesus’ innocence again and again in Luke 23:1-25.

[13:28]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “no basis for death,” but in this context a sentence of death is clearly indicated.